The Scala Programming Language | Tutorial

May 29, 2021


In this tutorial, we explain The Scala Programming Language.

Scala -  It is a light and simple type of programming language. It is supported the oops concept and function-based programming language. The source code of scala is complied by java bytecode and the scala program runs JVM (java virtual machine). The first version was released in 2003. scala is a static type of programming language.

Scala programming is based on Java. Therefore, if you understand Java syntax, learning Scala is very easy. Even if you are not familiar with Java but know another programming language, such as C, C++, or Python, it will help you understand Scala concepts very quickly.

What is used of Scala?

Scala is a very important and very useful language for example if you are started from gadget studying to net apps. As a high-degree standard motive language, Scala boasts an in-depth variety of viable applications. Scala permits builders to make exact use of general JVM capabilities and Java libraries. 

Java is better than scala or not?

Scala is a static programming language, and Java is a cross-platform, Web-oriented programming language. Because of nested code, scaling is less readable, while Java is more readable. The Scale framework is Play, Lift, and the Java framework is Spring, Grails, and so on.

Java is harder than scala or not?

It is kind system is a lot of communicatory than Java, which suggests that more logical errors may be expressed than compilation errors; you wish time to master them, therefore Scala is healthier than Java is good. It's exhausting to learn.

Why Scala is complex?

Scala is an imperative programming language and it is also object-oriented. It is garbage collected from a wide array of languages. scala is belonged to c,c++ oops .Scala on the opposite hand - despite running on the JVM, providing straightforward ability with Java Apis - is what's normally named a multi-paradigm language. The language provides deep syntactical integration of purposeful programing language features, however structures code in associate object destined fashion.

What is the difference between Java and Scala?

Java Scala
Java is a multi-platform, network-centric, programming language Scala is a statically typed programming language
Java offers backward compatibility Scala doesn't offer backward compatibility
Java is more readable Scala is less readable because of nested code
How to write a code of Scala?

For example, if you write a hello program


which type of command is used to compile the hello. scala  program

 
how to run it?


How to print a scala program

What is the difference between java and scala syntax?

Let's take one example first - function take an integer,square and add a cube root
Java syntax Scala syntax
int mathFunction(int num) { int numSquare = num*num; return (int) (Math.cbrt(numSquare) + Math.log(numSquare)); } def mathFunction(num: Int): Int = { var numSquare: Int = num*num return (math.cbrt(numSquare) + math.log(numSquare)). asInstanceOf[Int] }
How many languages are supported by Scala?
  1. PYTHON
  2. Ruby on Rails
  3. PERL
Framework's of Scala

  1. Akka
  2. Spark
  3. Play
  4. Scalding
  5. neo4j
How to install Scala?
Scala installs both operating system UNIX and WINDOWS  before start you can add java 1.8 greater version on your machine.

Step-1 Before installs scala you need also to install java SDK in your computer system. if you install java SDK successfully in your machine then you can start to install using via command.

Windows Command:   open command window and write a command java –version
Linux Command:        start a command window and write a command $java –version

Step-2  Set a Java_Home directory where your java installs your computer.
 
Windows Command:   Set JAVA_HOME to C:\ProgramFiles\java\jdk1.7.0_60
Linux Command:        Export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/java-current

Step-3 Setup Scala in your machine.

Windows Command:   \>java –jar scala-2.11.5-installer.jar\>
Linux Command:        $java –jar scala-2.9.0.1-installer.jar
                      
Difference of class Java and class Scala

Scala does not need a semicolon to complete the declaration. Value types are expressed in uppercase letters: Int, Double, Boolean instead of int, double, boolean. 

The type and return value of the parameters follow the method in Pascal, rather than the method in the previous C language. 

The method must start with def. Before local variables or class variables, Val (indicating variables that cannot be changed) or var (indicating variables that can be changed) must be prefixed. The return operator is not required in the function (although it is allowed). 

The value of the last executed statement or expression is usually the value of the function. Scala uses foo.asInstanceOf [Type] or special functions such as double or toInt to replace the Java conversion operator (Type) foo. Instead of importing foo from Java. *;, Scala uses Import Foo.

 The function or method foo() can also be simply called from foo; the thread.send(sign) method can also be simply called the flag of the sending thread. And foo.toString() method can also be called for toString.

Java class Scala class
public class Point { private final double x, y; public Point(final double x, final double y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } public Point( final double x, final double y, final boolean addToGrid ) { this(x, y); if (addToGrid) grid.add(this); } public Point() { this(0.0, 0.0); } public double getX() { return x; } public double getY() { return y; } double distanceToPoint(final Point other) { return distanceBetweenPoints(x, y, other.x, other.y); } private static Grid grid = new Grid(); static double distanceBetweenPoints( final double x1, final double y1, final double x2, final double y2 ) { return Math.hypot(x1 - x2, y1 - y2); } } class Point( val x: Double, val y: Double, addToGrid: Boolean = false ) { import Point._ if (addToGrid) grid.add(this) def this() = this(0.0, 0.0) def distanceToPoint(other: Point) = distanceBetweenPoints(x, y, other.x, other.y) } object Point { private val grid = new Grid() def distanceBetweenPoints(x1: Double, y1: Double, x2: Double, y2: Double) = { math.hypot(x1 - x2, y1 - y2) } }
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